{
  "name": "Immersion cooling companies",
  "url": "https://immersioncoolingcompanies.com/",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0",
  "cite": "Immersion Cooling Companies, https://immersioncoolingcompanies.com/",
  "updated": "2026-11-11",
  "fields": [
    {
      "key": "role",
      "label": "Supply role",
      "type": "enum",
      "description": "The procurement layer supplied: tank systems, servers and integration, or dielectric fluids.",
      "filterable": true,
      "sortable": true,
      "enumValues": [
        "Tank systems",
        "Servers and integration",
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ]
    },
    {
      "key": "phase",
      "label": "Cooling phase",
      "type": "enum",
      "description": "Documented immersion phase for the named offer. Both means the company sells single- and two-phase systems.",
      "filterable": true,
      "sortable": true,
      "enumValues": [
        "Single-phase",
        "Two-phase",
        "Both"
      ]
    },
    {
      "key": "product",
      "label": "Named offer",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "The named immersion product, system or fluid grade.",
      "sortable": true
    },
    {
      "key": "system_kw",
      "label": "Example system",
      "type": "number",
      "unit": "kW",
      "description": "One published tank or system rating in kW for the named model. The rating basis gives its model, size and water conditions. Server TDP and CDU ratings stay out of this column.",
      "filterable": true,
      "sortable": true
    },
    {
      "key": "rating_basis",
      "label": "Rating / selection basis",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "The model and conditions behind the kW figure, or the key fluid properties for fluid suppliers.",
      "sortable": true
    },
    {
      "key": "fluid",
      "label": "Fluid",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Named dielectric fluid, fluid family or approved fluid list.",
      "sortable": true
    },
    {
      "key": "hardware",
      "label": "Hardware evidence",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Named server, GPU layout, form factor or validation platform.",
      "sortable": true
    },
    {
      "key": "evidence",
      "label": "Deployment / documentation",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "A named deployment, joint validation or technical document.",
      "sortable": true
    }
  ],
  "records": [
    {
      "id": "2crsi",
      "name": "2CRSi",
      "url": "https://2crsi.com",
      "summary": "2CRSi builds GPU, AI and general-purpose servers engineered for immersion, in both single-phase and two-phase versions. It serves AI training, cloud, hyperscale and edge operators.",
      "tags": [
        "Servers and integration"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Servers and integration",
        "phase": "Both",
        "product": "Immersion-cooled GPU and AI servers",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": null,
        "fluid": "Hydrocarbon dielectric for single-phase; low-boiling fluorocarbon for two-phase",
        "hardware": "GPU/AI and general-purpose servers engineered for immersion, plus CDU, cooling tower and condenser coil integration",
        "evidence": null
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://2crsi.com/immersion-cooling",
          "title": "2CRSi: Immersion Cooling for Data Centers",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "fluid",
            "hardware"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "asperitas",
      "name": "Asperitas",
      "url": "https://www.asperitas.com/",
      "summary": "Builds natural-convection and directed-flow immersion systems, including the compact DFCX1 for GPU clusters.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "DFCX1",
        "system_kw": 60,
        "rating_basis": "DFCX1: up to 60 kW in a 12U immersion unit with integrated CDU; not a portfolio-wide maximum.",
        "fluid": "Shell Immersion Cooling Fluid used in the Cisco Live demonstration",
        "hardware": "Three 4U nodes with a total of 24 GPUs",
        "evidence": "DFCX1 demonstration with Cisco compute at Cisco Live 2025."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.asperitas.com/news/asperitas-launches-direct-forced-convection-product-line",
          "title": "Asperitas DFCX launch specifications",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "fluid",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.asperitas.com/systems",
          "title": "Asperitas PNC and DFC systems",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "baltimore-aircoil",
      "name": "Baltimore Aircoil Company",
      "url": "https://baltimoreaircoil.com/",
      "summary": "Pairs CorTex immersion tanks with outdoor heat-rejection equipment in the COBALT cooling system.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "COBALT / CorTex immersion tank",
        "system_kw": 150,
        "rating_basis": "CorTex tank: up to 150 kW across 16–48 RU, PUE below 1.05.",
        "fluid": "Dielectric liquid; grade not specified",
        "hardware": "Immersion-ready server formats",
        "evidence": "Sealed tank design with redundant pumps; outdoor evaporative, adiabatic, hybrid or dry cooling options."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://baltimoreaircoil.com/products/immersion-cooling/immersion-cooling-tank",
          "title": "BAC immersion tank product specifications",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "fluid",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://naturalrefrigerants.com/news/part-1-bacs-heat-rejection-and-single-phase-immersion-technology-provide-end-to-end-cooling-solution-for-data-centers/",
          "title": "NaturalRefrigerants: BAC technical executive on CorTex single-phase design",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "castrol",
      "name": "Castrol",
      "url": "https://www.castrol.com/",
      "summary": "Supplies Castrol ON dielectric immersion fluids and site-preparation guidance for data center operators.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "Castrol ON DC 15 / DC 20",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "Castrol publishes pre-check and material-compatibility guidance for each cooling system.",
        "fluid": "Synthetic hydrocarbon dielectric coolants",
        "hardware": null,
        "evidence": "Publishes fluid handling, safety and site-preparation guides."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.castrol.com/en/global/corporate/products/data-centre-and-it-cooling/immersion-cooling-fluids.html",
          "title": "Castrol ON immersion fluids",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "fluid"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.castrol.com/content/dam/castrol/business-sites-new/en/global/corporate/documents/product/castrol-on/castrol-on-immersion-cooling-fluids-pre-checks.pdf",
          "title": "Castrol fluid safety and pre-check guide",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "rating_basis",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "chemours",
      "name": "Chemours",
      "url": "https://www.opteon.com/",
      "summary": "Develops Opteon 2P50 for two-phase immersion cooling, with a published technical property sheet and a LiquidStack pilot program.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Two-phase",
        "product": "Opteon 2P50 (developmental)",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "Developmental HFO fluid with a 48.9°C normal boiling point.",
        "fluid": "Hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) dielectric fluid",
        "hardware": "LiquidStack DataTank 4U pilot platform",
        "evidence": "LiquidStack and Chemours published a fluid testing program for qualified customers."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.opteon.com/en/products/liquid-cooling/2p50",
          "title": "Opteon 2P50 developmental fluid",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "fluid",
            "rating_basis"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://liquidstack.com/content/uploads/2023/10/LiquidStack_Flyer_Start-Testing-2-Phase-Immersion-Cooling-with-OpteonTM-2P50-Developmental-Dielectric-Fluid-in-Under-a-Month.pdf",
          "title": "LiquidStack / Chemours pilot terms",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "dcx",
      "name": "DCX Liquid Cooling Systems",
      "url": "https://www.dcx.eu/",
      "summary": "Makes rack-dimension immersion enclosures and compact edge systems with integrated fluid circulation.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "H1000",
        "system_kw": 80,
        "rating_basis": "H1000: 80 kW at a 27°C approach temperature; 65 kW standard rating at 32°C.",
        "fluid": null,
        "hardware": "21 RU; 19-inch / 21-inch and ORV3 equipment, up to 900 mm deep",
        "evidence": "H1000 includes a hydraulic compartment with redundant pumps."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.dcx.eu/product/h1000-standard-immersion-enclosure",
          "title": "H1000 enclosure specifications",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.dcx.eu/blog/immersion-cooling-by-dcx",
          "title": "DCX immersion cooling method",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "delta-electronics",
      "name": "Delta Electronics",
      "url": "https://www.deltaww.com",
      "summary": "Delta sells a two-phase immersion cooling system with sealed tanks rated at 100 kW each, aimed at HPC and hyperscale data centers. Large projects get a customized build.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Two-phase",
        "product": "Delta Two-phase Immersion Cooling",
        "system_kw": 100,
        "rating_basis": "Capacity per sealed tank, as published by Delta",
        "fluid": "Non-conductive coolant that boils and condenses",
        "hardware": "IT equipment immersed in a sealed tank, hot-swappable without stopping the system",
        "evidence": "HPC data center built with a Taiwanese technology and foundry services provider: PUE below 1.08, about 30% lower total energy use"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.deltapowersolutions.com/en/mcis/data-center-immersion-cooling-two-phase.php",
          "title": "Delta Two-phase Immersion Cooling",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "fluid",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "dow",
      "name": "Dow",
      "url": "https://www.dow.com/",
      "summary": "Makes DOWSIL ICL-1000 silicone-organic fluid for single-phase immersion cooling in data centers.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "DOWSIL ICL-1000",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": null,
        "fluid": "Silicone-organic dielectric fluid",
        "hardware": null,
        "evidence": "Dow’s launch documentation specifies single-phase immersion use."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://corporate.dow.com/en-us/news/press-releases/dow-launches-dowsi-immersion-cooling-technology.html",
          "title": "Dow DOWSIL immersion technology launch",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "fluid",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "dug",
      "name": "DUG Technology",
      "url": "https://dug.com/",
      "summary": "Developed DUG Cool immersion technology for its own high-performance computing operations and offers the system commercially.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "DUG Cool 26 RU tank",
        "system_kw": 30,
        "rating_basis": "30 kW with a 0.9 L/s water loop at 29.5°C; the standard design holds 26 RU.",
        "fluid": "Approximately 750 L dielectric fluid per standard tank",
        "hardware": "19-inch servers up to 850 mm long",
        "evidence": "DUG prospectus describes submerged heat exchangers alongside computing equipment."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://dug.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/DUG-Cool-spec-sheet_240319.pdf",
          "title": "DUG Cool 26 RU technical specifications",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "fluid",
            "hardware"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://dug.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/DUG-Cool26_Brochure.pdf",
          "title": "DUG Cool single-phase brochure",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://dug.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Prospectus.pdf",
          "title": "DUG company prospectus",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "eneos",
      "name": "ENEOS",
      "url": "https://www.eneos.co.jp/ixseries/english/",
      "summary": "Supplies IX Series immersion fluids, separating high-flash-point, low-viscosity and plant-derived product variants.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "ENEOS IX Type J / Type H / Type B",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "Type J: 34.8 cSt at 40°C, flash point 254°C. Type H: 9.19 cSt, 196°C. Type B (plant-derived): 19.7 cSt, 248°C. Flash points by COC.",
        "fluid": "IX Series dielectric immersion cooling fluids",
        "hardware": null,
        "evidence": "Publishes material-compatibility and fluid-property information for the three grades."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.eneos.co.jp/ixseries/english/product/index.html",
          "title": "ENEOS IX Series product details",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "fluid",
            "rating_basis",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.eneos.co.jp/english/products/lubricants/pdf/ind-4510-2404e.pdf",
          "title": "ENEOS IX Series bulletin IND-4510-2404E (Mar 2024)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "rating_basis"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "engineered-fluids",
      "name": "Engineered Fluids",
      "url": "https://www.engineeredfluids.com/",
      "summary": "Supplies ElectroCool dielectric coolants and builds the Electrocool single-phase immersion system, rated at 300 kW per tank.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "ElectroCool EC-110 / EC-120 / EC-130 / EC-140",
        "system_kw": 300,
        "rating_basis": "Electrocool tank: 300 kW heat load per tank (company announcement, Jan 2025).",
        "fluid": "Synthetic dielectric ElectroCool coolants",
        "hardware": "Servers, GPUs, FPGAs and semiconductor electronics",
        "evidence": "Publishes product-specific comparison tables against OCP recommended coolant characteristics."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://shop.engineeredfluids.com/collections/electrocool",
          "title": "ElectroCool product catalog",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "fluid",
            "hardware"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.engineeredfluids.com/our-resources/ocp-compliance/",
          "title": "ElectroCool OCP compliance documentation",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.itweb.co.za/article/electrocool-the-liquid-cooling-revolution-for-data-centres/wbrpO7g2Vo6vDLZn",
          "title": "ITWeb: Electrocool immersion system (Jan 2025)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "envicool",
      "name": "Envicool",
      "url": "https://en.envicool.com/",
      "summary": "Makes Coolinside modular and integrated immersion cabinets, covering single-phase and phase-change designs.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Both",
        "product": "Coolinside TK42D100F3",
        "system_kw": 100,
        "rating_basis": "TK42D100F3 phase-change cabinet: 100 kW IT load with supply water at 35°C or below.",
        "fluid": "Oil / fluorinated liquid for single-phase; fluorinated liquid for phase-change",
        "hardware": "42U phase-change cabinet; 19-inch equipment up to 900 mm deep",
        "evidence": "Full-chain brochure separates cabinet ratings from CDU ratings."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://en.envicool.com/upload/download/Coolinside%20Full%20Chain%20Liquid%20Cooling%20Solution.pdf",
          "title": "Coolinside full-chain immersion cooling brochure",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "fluid",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "exxonmobil",
      "name": "ExxonMobil",
      "url": "https://www.exxonmobilchemical.com/",
      "summary": "Offers a range of data center immersion fluids with published viscosity and flash-point properties.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "EM DC 3152; EM DC 3235 Super",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "EM DC 3235 Super: 14.3 cSt at 40°C (ASTM D445); flash point 234°C (ASTM D92).",
        "fluid": "EM DC dielectric immersion fluids",
        "hardware": null,
        "evidence": "Iceotope lists EM DC 3235 Super and EM DC 3152 as approved single-phase fluids."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.exxonmobilchemical.com/en/industries/industrial-applications/data-center-immersion-fluids",
          "title": "ExxonMobil immersion fluid portfolio",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "fluid",
            "rating_basis"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.iceotope.com/technology/approved-fluids",
          "title": "Iceotope approved ExxonMobil single-phase fluids",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.exxonmobilchemical.com/-/media/media-assets/media-library-assets/may/data_center_cooling_consolidated_fact_sheet_en.pdf",
          "title": "ExxonMobil data center cooling fact sheet (2025)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "rating_basis"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "fuchs",
      "name": "FUCHS",
      "url": "https://www.fuchs.com/",
      "summary": "Supplies RENOLIN FECC single-phase immersion fluids for natural- and forced-convection cooling.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "RENOLIN FECC 5 SYNTH",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "Formulated for natural and forced convection in contact with electronic components.",
        "fluid": "Synthetic base oils with oxidation and corrosion inhibitors",
        "hardware": null,
        "evidence": "Product page lists Iceotope Precision Liquid Cooling approval."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.fuchs.com/us/en/product/product/146182-renolin-fecc-5-synth/",
          "title": "RENOLIN FECC 5 SYNTH product and approvals",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "fluid",
            "rating_basis",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "fujitsu",
      "name": "Fujitsu",
      "url": "https://www.fujitsu.com",
      "summary": "Launched the PRIMERGY Liquid Immersion Cooling System in 2018: immersion baths sold with PRIMERGY servers, holding up to 48 servers per bath.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": null,
        "product": "Fujitsu Server PRIMERGY Liquid Immersion Cooling System (launched Sept 2018)",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": null,
        "fluid": null,
        "hardware": "Up to 48 servers per bath; PRIMERGY CX2550 M4, CX2560 M4, CX2570 M4 and RX2530 M4",
        "evidence": "Immersion-cooled x86 cluster for the Japan Automobile Research Institute (Oct 2017); cluster at IIT Delhi's biology and bioinformatics center"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://info.archives.global.fujitsu/global/about/resources/news/press-releases/2018/0906-01.html",
          "title": "Fujitsu launches liquid immersion cooling system (6 Sep 2018)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://info.archives.global.fujitsu/global/about/resources/news/press-releases/2017/1023-01.html",
          "title": "Fujitsu provides liquid immersion x86 cluster to JARI (23 Oct 2017)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "gigabyte",
      "name": "GIGABYTE / Giga Computing",
      "url": "https://www.gigabyte.com/",
      "summary": "Supplies immersion tanks and purpose-adapted CPU and GPU servers as an integrated single-phase solution.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "A1P0-EA0 12U tank",
        "system_kw": 40,
        "rating_basis": "A1P0-EA0: 40 kW with 20°C inlet water.",
        "fluid": null,
        "hardware": "G292-Z45-ICU1: AMD EPYC server with eight PCIe Gen4 GPU slots",
        "evidence": "Published tank specifications include water flow and coolant volume."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.gigabyte.com/FileUpload/Global/WebPage/1052/Immersion-Cooling-Solution.pdf",
          "title": "GIGABYTE immersion solution specifications",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gigabyte.com/Solutions/immersion-cooling",
          "title": "GIGABYTE immersion tank and server portfolio",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase",
            "hardware"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "grc",
      "name": "GRC",
      "url": "https://www.grcooling.com/",
      "summary": "Sells ICEraQ single-phase immersion systems, from a 13 kW Nano to SX and FLEX tank sets on a 368 kW CDU, plus its own ElectroSafe coolants.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "ICEraQ SX / FLEX (Duo, Quad)",
        "system_kw": 368,
        "rating_basis": "SX and FLEX CDU supports up to 368 kW of IT load with 13°C water. ICEraQ Micro: 45 kW on 32°C water, 90 kW on 13°C water. Nano: 13 kW, liquid-to-air.",
        "fluid": "ElectroSafe dielectric coolant",
        "hardware": null,
        "evidence": "Four published ICEraQ configurations: Nano, Micro, SX and FLEX."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.grcooling.com/iceraq/",
          "title": "ICEraQ immersion cooling systems",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "fluid",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.grcooling.com/press_releases/grc-marks-15-years-of-innovation-in-immersion-cooling-technology/",
          "title": "GRC marks 15 years of single-phase immersion cooling",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "gs-caltex",
      "name": "GS Caltex",
      "url": "https://www.gscaltex.com",
      "summary": "GS Caltex makes Kixx Immersion Fluid S, Korea's first immersion cooling fluid, a PAO-based coolant with a flash point above 250°C. It runs in Samsung SDS and LG Uplus data centers.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": null,
        "product": "Kixx Immersion Fluid S, Kixx Immersion Fluid S 30",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "Flash point above 250°C",
        "fluid": "Polyalphaolefin (PAO)",
        "hardware": "Supermicro immersion cooling system at the GS Caltex Daejeon R&D Center (June 2025)",
        "evidence": "Supplied to a Samsung SDS data center (2024) and to the LG Uplus Pyeongchon 2 hyperscale data center (June 2025)"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://gscaltexmediahub.com/news/immersion-cooling-business-eng/",
          "title": "GS Caltex Expands Immersion Cooling Business to Data Centers (GS Caltex Media Hub)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "rating_basis",
            "fluid",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "hypertec",
      "name": "Hypertec",
      "url": "https://hypertec.com/",
      "summary": "Makes CIARA TRIDENT servers designed for immersion, including GPU models for AI and high-performance computing.",
      "tags": [
        "Servers and integration"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Servers and integration",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "CIARA TRIDENT immersion-born servers",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": null,
        "fluid": "Motul EGEN DCC 100R8 validated with Midas tanks",
        "hardware": "TRIDENT iG620R-G6: 2U, up to six GPUs; iG610R-G6: 1U, up to three GPUs",
        "evidence": "Joint Hypertec / Midas / Motul validation covers immersion-optimized AI and HPC servers."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://hypertec.com/products/immersion-servers",
          "title": "CIARA TRIDENT immersion server portfolio",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "hardware"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://go.hypertec.com/immersion-servers-overview",
          "title": "Hypertec single-phase immersion servers",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.motul.com/corporate/newsroom/presse-release/motul-hypertec-and-midas-partnership-to-enable-sustainable-digital-growth-through-immersion-cooling",
          "title": "Motul / Hypertec / Midas validation",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "fluid",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "iceotope",
      "name": "Iceotope",
      "url": "https://www.iceotope.com/",
      "summary": "Develops precision dielectric cooling in sealed rack-mounted chassis, an adjacent option for buyers comparing tank immersion with rack-based designs.",
      "tags": [
        "Servers and integration"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Servers and integration",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "Precision Liquid Cooling reference designs",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "Sealed-chassis precision cooling: power is rated per server, not per shared tank.",
        "fluid": "Approved fluids from Castrol, ENEOS, Engineered Fluids, ExxonMobil, FUCHS, Motul, Oleon, PETRONAS, Shell and Valvoline",
        "hardware": "HPE DL380 Gen10 and Lenovo SR670 used in validation programs",
        "evidence": "OEM reference designs direct dielectric fluid to CPUs, GPUs, networking, storage and PSUs."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.iceotope.com/reference-designs",
          "title": "Iceotope OEM / ODM reference designs",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.iceotope.com/technology/faq",
          "title": "Iceotope precision cooling FAQ",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase",
            "rating_basis"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.iceotope.com/technology/approved-fluids",
          "title": "Iceotope approved dielectric fluids",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "fluid"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.iceotope.com/technology/validation-partners",
          "title": "Iceotope validation platforms",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "hardware"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "ieit-systems",
      "name": "IEIT Systems (Inspur Information)",
      "url": "https://ieisystem.com",
      "summary": "IEIT Systems, Inspur's server business, ships its NF5180G7 1U server in a dedicated immersion configuration alongside air and cold-plate versions. It also supplies full-stack liquid cooling for data centers targeting PUE below 1.1.",
      "tags": [
        "Servers and integration"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Servers and integration",
        "phase": null,
        "product": "NF5180G7 immersion configuration (NF5180-M7-M0-U0-00)",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": null,
        "fluid": null,
        "hardware": "1U server, 1–2 4th/5th Gen Intel Xeon (up to 385 W liquid-cooled CPU), fanless immersion build, 5–40°C fluid inlet, up to 6 PCIe slots and 4 single-width GPUs",
        "evidence": "NF5180G7 datasheet lists the immersion model alongside air and cold-plate variants"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://ieisystem.com/global/file/2024-02-23/17086712852132c975afc8d44ce2f120018dd4beb7dd5d45.pdf",
          "title": "Inspur NF5180G7 datasheet (Chinese)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "immersion4",
      "name": "Immersion4",
      "url": "https://www.immersion4.com",
      "summary": "Immersion4 sells DTM (Dynamic Thermal Management), a modular immersion data center technology that scales from edge sites to full-size facilities. It targets operators that want water-free cooling and local, in-country data centers.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": null,
        "product": "DTM (Dynamic Thermal Management) immersion datacenter technology",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": null,
        "fluid": "Synthetic liquid coolant",
        "hardware": null,
        "evidence": "Solar Impulse Foundation Efficient Solution label (July 2020)"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.immersion4.com/technologie-dtm/",
          "title": "Immersion4: Technologie DTM",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "product"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.immersion4.com/about/",
          "title": "Immersion4: About (HQ World Trade Center Lausanne)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": []
        },
        {
          "url": "https://impulse-foundation.com/solutions/solutions-explorer/portfolio/solutions/data-centre-cooling-by-immersion-4",
          "title": "Solar Impulse Foundation: Data Centre Cooling by Immersion 4",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "fluid",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "liquidcool-solutions",
      "name": "LiquidCool Solutions",
      "url": "https://liquidcoolsolutions.com/",
      "summary": "Builds sealed rack-mounted systems combining immersion with directed dielectric-fluid flow inside each chassis.",
      "tags": [
        "Servers and integration"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Servers and integration",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "Total Liquid Immersion with Directed-Flow; ZPServer",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "Rated per server at 4 kW; sealed chassis rather than a shared tank.",
        "fluid": "Single-phase dielectric heat-transfer liquid",
        "hardware": "Standard 19-inch vertical rack; OEM and form-factor agnostic",
        "evidence": "Fluid is directed first to hot components, then through the rest of the chassis."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://liquidcoolsolutions.com/immersion-cooling-technology/",
          "title": "LiquidCool immersion architecture",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "rating_basis",
            "fluid",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://liquidcoolsolutions.com/",
          "title": "LiquidCool rack server portfolio",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "product"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "liquidstack",
      "name": "LiquidStack",
      "url": "https://liquidstack.com/",
      "summary": "Two-phase immersion pioneer, owned by Trane Technologies since March 2026. Its DataTank immersion line now sits beside a CDU-led portfolio, with a single-phase immersion offer as well.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Both",
        "product": "DataTank 4U / 48U",
        "system_kw": 6,
        "rating_basis": "Standalone 4U two-phase DataTank in the Hong Kong EMSD trial listing: up to 6 kW, with a dielectric fluid boiling at 49–70°C.",
        "fluid": "Opteon 2P50 developmental fluid tested with DataTank 4U",
        "hardware": "4U system documented for air traffic control simulation",
        "evidence": "Hong Kong EMSD lists a trial application for an air traffic control simulation workstation."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://liquidstack.com/liquidstack-resources/48u-data-sheet",
          "title": "DataTank 48U documentation",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://liquidstack.com/news/liquidstack-unveils-single-phase-immersion-cooling-offering",
          "title": "Single-phase immersion offering",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://inno.emsd.gov.hk/en/it-solutions/index_id_1889.html",
          "title": "Hong Kong EMSD: two-phase DataTank trial solution",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://liquidstack.com/content/uploads/2023/10/LiquidStack_Flyer_Start-Testing-2-Phase-Immersion-Cooling-with-OpteonTM-2P50-Developmental-Dielectric-Fluid-in-Under-a-Month.pdf",
          "title": "LiquidStack / Chemours developmental fluid pilot",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "fluid"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.coolingpost.com/world-news/trane-completes-liquidstack-acquisition/",
          "title": "Cooling Post: Trane completes LiquidStack acquisition (5 Mar 2026)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11"
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "midas",
      "name": "Midas Immersion Cooling",
      "url": "https://midasimmersion.com/",
      "summary": "Sells XCI immersion tanks from compact edge units through large enterprise tanks and mining systems.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": null,
        "product": "50U MIDAS XCI",
        "system_kw": 150,
        "rating_basis": "50U tank: up to 150 kW, set by the cooling loop. 25U: 40 kW. 12U: 18 kW. 4U: 7.5 kW.",
        "fluid": "Motul EGEN DCC 100R8 validated with Hypertec servers",
        "hardware": "Hypertec immersion-optimized AI and HPC server platforms",
        "evidence": "Joint Motul, Hypertec and Midas fluid / server / tank validation."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://midasimmersion.com/our-tanks/",
          "title": "Midas tank portfolio and ratings",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.motul.com/corporate/newsroom/presse-release/motul-hypertec-and-midas-partnership-to-enable-sustainable-digital-growth-through-immersion-cooling",
          "title": "Motul / Hypertec / Midas validation",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "fluid",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "mitsubishi-heavy-industries",
      "name": "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries",
      "url": "https://www.mhi.com",
      "summary": "MHI engineers immersion cooling systems and container data centers, including a 12-ft container with hybrid immersion and air cooling for edge sites. It built the system with KDDI and NEC Networks & System Integration.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": null,
        "product": "12-ft container data center with hybrid immersion and air cooling",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "40 kVA-class container: 25 kVA immersion-cooled, 8 kVA air-cooled and 8 kVA water-cooled capacity.",
        "fluid": null,
        "hardware": null,
        "evidence": "KDDI Oyama Network Center demo with KDDI and NESIC (Feb 2023): 100 kVA-class servers, 94% cut in server cooling energy, PUE 1.05; 2021 container test with 50 kVA-class servers reached PUE 1.07"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.mhi.com/news/231004.html",
          "title": "MHI introduces container-type data center with immersion/air-cooled hybrid cooling (Oct 2023)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "rating_basis"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://newsroom.kddi.com/english/news/detail/kddi_pr-848.html",
          "title": "KDDI, MHI and NESIC immersion cooling demonstration results (6 Mar 2023)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.mhi.com/business/solutions/datacenter/case-studies.html",
          "title": "MHI data center case studies",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "motul",
      "name": "Motul",
      "url": "https://www.motul.com/",
      "summary": "Supplies EGEN DCC immersion fluids, including grades validated with immersion server and tank partners.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "EGEN DCC 100R8 / 100R5",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "100R5 is the lower-viscosity grade; 100R8 has published partner validation.",
        "fluid": "Bio-sourced dielectric immersion fluids",
        "hardware": "Hypertec immersion-optimized AI and HPC servers in Midas tanks",
        "evidence": "Joint Motul / Hypertec / Midas testing of EGEN DCC 100R8."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.motul.com/corporate/newsroom/article/egen-dcc-fluids-the-sustainable-immersion-cooling-solution-for-data-centers",
          "title": "EGEN DCC fluid grades",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "fluid",
            "rating_basis"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.motul.com/corporate/newsroom/presse-release/motul-hypertec-and-midas-partnership-to-enable-sustainable-digital-growth-through-immersion-cooling",
          "title": "Motul / Hypertec / Midas testing",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.iceotope.com/technology/approved-fluids",
          "title": "Iceotope approved Motul single-phase fluids",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "oleon",
      "name": "Oleon",
      "url": "https://www.oleon.com/",
      "summary": "Supplies Qloe plant-based immersion fluids and documents an AI server installation at its Venette application site.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "Qloe immersion cooling fluids",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": null,
        "fluid": "Plant-based dielectric immersion fluid",
        "hardware": "Supermicro server with AMD EPYC processors and NVIDIA GPUs in a GRC Micro tank",
        "evidence": "Venette installation combines Qloe fluid, GRC tank and CodeZero GPU nodes."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.oleon.com/news/oleon-unveils-new-brand-qloe",
          "title": "Oleon Qloe fluid launch",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "fluid"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.oleon.com/news/oleon-unveils-sustainable-liquid-immersion-cooling-installation-for-high-performance-ai-workloads",
          "title": "Oleon Venette installation",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.iceotope.com/technology/approved-fluids",
          "title": "Iceotope approved single-phase Qloe fluids",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "petronas",
      "name": "PETRONAS Lubricants International",
      "url": "https://www.pli-petronas.com",
      "summary": "PETRONAS Iona Tera is a family of single-phase dielectric immersion fluids for data centers and HPC, from a general-purpose grade to a fully synthetic grade for AI and high-density compute. It was co-developed with Iceotope for its precision liquid cooling systems.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "PETRONAS Iona Tera, Iona Tera CORE, Iona Tera PLUS, Iona Tera ULTRA",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": null,
        "fluid": "Hydrocarbon dielectric oils: re-refined base oil (CORE) and fully synthetic (ULTRA)",
        "hardware": "Iceotope precision liquid cooling (in-chassis manifold delivery)",
        "evidence": "Launched with Iceotope as development partner, June 2024"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.opencompute.org/marketplace/facilities-physical-infrastructure/petronas-iona-tera-series/",
          "title": "PETRONAS IONA TERA Series - OCP Marketplace",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "fluid"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://mrem.bernama.com/viewsm.php?idm=48799",
          "title": "PETRONAS Lubricants International and Iceotope forge sustainable thermal management partnership (Bernama, 12 Jun 2024)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "product",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.lubesngreases.com/lubereport-asia/11_24/petronas-iceotope-tie-up-for-coolants/",
          "title": "Petronas, Iceotope Tie Up for Coolants (Lubes'n'Greases, 14 Jun 2024)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "shell",
      "name": "Shell",
      "url": "https://www.shell.com/",
      "summary": "Supplies immersion cooling fluids and operates an immersion-cooled HPC installation at Houston’s Skybox data center.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "Shell Immersion Cooling Fluid S3 X / S5 X",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "S3 X: 9.9 cSt at 40°C (ASTM D445); flash point 198°C (ASTM D92). Intel certification covers 4th and 5th Gen Xeon.",
        "fluid": "Dielectric immersion cooling fluid",
        "hardware": "4th and 5th Gen Intel Xeon processors covered by the stated certification",
        "evidence": "Shell describes six tanks and 864 servers at its Houston Skybox HPC installation."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.shell.com/business-customers/industrial-lubricants-and-specialty-fluids-for-business/liquid-cooling-fluids/immersion-cooling.html",
          "title": "Shell immersion cooling and Houston installation",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "fluid",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.shell.com/business-customers/lubricants-for-business/news-and-media-releases/2025/shell-cooling-fluids-certified-by-intel-for-use-in-data-centres-worldwide-an-industry-first.html",
          "title": "Shell Intel Xeon fluid certification",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "hardware",
            "rating_basis"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://evosupplygroupcatalog.sfo3.digitaloceanspaces.com/files/pds-23033.pdf",
          "title": "Shell Immersion Cooling Fluid S3 X technical data sheet v1.7 (Dec 2022)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "product",
            "rating_basis"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "submer",
      "name": "Submer",
      "url": "https://submer.com/",
      "summary": "Builds SmartPod single-phase immersion systems for data centers, with separate tank and CDU configurations.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "SmartPod EXO / EVO",
        "system_kw": 361,
        "rating_basis": "SmartPod EXO: up to 361 kW heat dissipation, set by model and operating conditions. 50 RU of IT capacity.",
        "fluid": null,
        "hardware": "50 RU of 19/21-inch hardware or 47 OU OCP ORv3 in EXO",
        "evidence": "Telefónica SmartPod XL+ pilot in Madrid."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://submer.com/smartpod/exo/",
          "title": "SmartPod EXO specifications",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "hardware"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://submer.com/smartpod/smartpod-evo-the-easiest-path-to-immersion-cooling-submer/",
          "title": "SmartPod EVO single-phase product specifications",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://submer.com/business-cases/telefonica-evaluates-immersion-cooling-under-the-harshest-conditions/",
          "title": "Telefónica immersion pilot",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "sugon-dataenergy",
      "name": "Sugon DataEnergy",
      "url": "https://dataenergy.sugon.com",
      "summary": "Sugon DataEnergy (曙光数创), the liquid-cooling arm of Sugon, sells phase-change immersion cabinets and the infrastructure around them for AI and supercomputing centers. Its C8000 V3.0 pushes a single cabinet past 900 kW.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Two-phase",
        "product": "C8000 V3.0 MW-class phase-change immersion cabinet and infrastructure solution",
        "system_kw": 900,
        "rating_basis": "C8000 V3.0 single-cabinet power, stated as exceeding 900 kW; up to 1.8 MW heat-exchange capacity",
        "fluid": null,
        "hardware": "Whole-cabinet system with power distribution, phase-change immersion heat exchange, intelligent controls and diamond-copper thermal material",
        "evidence": "Third-generation phase-change immersion product launched 2026 and shown at the China International Big Data Industry Expo in Guiyang; PUE as low as 1.04"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://stock.10jqka.com.cn/20260828/c679399954.shtml",
          "title": "曙光数创MW级解决方案亮相数博会 (10jqka, 28 Aug 2026)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.stdaily.com/web/gdxw/2026-06/04/content_527280.html",
          "title": "Science and Technology Daily on C8000 V3.0 (4 Jun 2026)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase",
            "product",
            "hardware"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "supermicro",
      "name": "Supermicro",
      "url": "https://www.supermicro.com",
      "summary": "Supermicro builds immersion-ready servers, led by a BigTwin multi-node system that Intel certified for single-phase immersion. Operators get a validated server, fluid and tank stack instead of a do-it-yourself conversion.",
      "tags": [
        "Servers and integration"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Servers and integration",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "BigTwin SYS-221BT-HNTR, Intel-certified for immersion",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": null,
        "fluid": "Validated with Shell immersion cooling fluids S3 X and S5 LV",
        "hardware": "2U four-node BigTwin with 4th/5th Gen Intel Xeon, power supplies modified for fluid compatibility, OCP material-compatibility tested",
        "evidence": "Intel certification (June 2025) of Supermicro BigTwin in Shell fluid inside a Submer SmartPod EVO, backed by Intel's Xeon single-phase immersion warranty rider"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.supermicro.com/en/pressreleases/industry-first-supermicro-systems-certified-intel-immersion-cooling-solution",
          "title": "Industry First: Supermicro Systems Certified for Intel Immersion Cooling Solution (30 Jun 2025)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/customer-spotlight/stories/shell-customer-story.html",
          "title": "Intel customer story: Shell, Supermicro and Submer immersion validation",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase",
            "fluid",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "tmgcore-airedale",
      "name": "TMGcore (Airedale by Modine)",
      "url": "https://airedale.com/products/liquid-cooling",
      "summary": "TMGcore's immersion technology now sits with Modine, which bought its IP and assets in January 2024, and is sold under the Airedale brand. The current offer is the EdgeBox 10, a compact immersion unit for high-density edge compute.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": null,
        "product": "EdgeBox 10 (TMGcore EdgeBox range)",
        "system_kw": 10,
        "rating_basis": "EdgeBox 10 thermal load; 18 kW with appropriate heat rejection; partial PUE 1.03 in 5.6 sq ft",
        "fluid": null,
        "hardware": "8RU of high-density enterprise-class OEM servers",
        "evidence": "Modine acquired TMG Core's IP and specific assets (single- and two-phase immersion) on 2 Jan 2024; earlier TMGcore products included the OTTO two-phase platform"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://airedale.com/products/liquid-cooling",
          "title": "Airedale by Modine: Liquid Cooling",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "hardware"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://investors.modine.com/news/news-details/2024/Modine-Invests-in-Liquid-Immersion-Cooling-Technology-to-Support-High-Density-Data-Center-Applications/default.aspx",
          "title": "Modine Invests in Liquid Immersion Cooling Technology (2 Jan 2024)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20191119005063/en/",
          "title": "TMGcore Unveils Groundbreaking Data Center Platform at Supercomputing 2019",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": []
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "totalenergies",
      "name": "TotalEnergies Fluids",
      "url": "https://specialfluids.totalenergies.com/",
      "summary": "Supplies DC COOLING BioLife single-phase dielectric fluids for direct immersion of electronic components.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": "Single-phase",
        "product": "DC COOLING BioLife",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": "Vendor identifies certified feedstock traceability and high metal compatibility.",
        "fluid": "Biosourced dielectric fluid",
        "hardware": null,
        "evidence": "Publishes a dedicated product page and sales brochure for DC COOLING BioLife."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://specialfluids.totalenergies.com/en/dc-cooling-biolife",
          "title": "DC COOLING BioLife product information",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "phase",
            "product",
            "fluid",
            "rating_basis",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "valvoline",
      "name": "Valvoline Global",
      "url": "https://www.valvolineglobal.com/en/hpc-liquid-cooling",
      "summary": "Valvoline Global supplies Immersion Heat Transfer Fluid DE1, an Iceotope-approved fluid that powers the Iceotope KUL EXTREME micro data center. Its data center fluids now sit under the Beyond by Valvoline platform for AI and HPC cooling.",
      "tags": [
        "Dielectric fluids"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Dielectric fluids",
        "phase": null,
        "product": "Immersion Heat Transfer Fluid DE1 (Beyond by Valvoline platform)",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": null,
        "fluid": null,
        "hardware": "Iceotope KUL EXTREME micro data center; Midas Immersion Cooling tanks",
        "evidence": "Iceotope-approved fluids partner; Midas Immersion Cooling Technology Affiliate (2024) after testing in Midas tanks; shown at SC24"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://prnewswire.com/news-releases/valvoline-global-operations-debuts-liquid-cooling-solutions-for-the-hpc-industry-at-sc24-in-atlanta-302309999.html",
          "title": "Valvoline Global Drives into the Future of High-Performance Cooling (PR Newswire, 19 Nov 2024)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.storagereview.com/news/valvoline-launches-beyond-fluid-platform-for-ai-hpc-and-energy-storage-cooling",
          "title": "Valvoline Launches Beyond Fluid Platform for AI, HPC and Energy Storage Cooling (StorageReview, 12 Jun 2026)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "product"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "vertiv",
      "name": "Vertiv",
      "url": "https://www.vertiv.com",
      "summary": "Vertiv sells the CoolCenter Immersion system, which pairs immersion tanks with a CDU. It is built for operators running high-density AI and HPC servers, from a 24U self-contained unit up to four-tank, 240 kW deployments.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": null,
        "product": "Vertiv CoolCenter Immersion (24U self-contained; 42U/52U tanks with CDU)",
        "system_kw": 240,
        "rating_basis": "Four-tank, three-tank or dual-tank CDU system, total nominal capacity with 12°C chilled water (120 kW per tank single/dual; 60 kW per tank in four-tank); halves with 35°C warm water",
        "fluid": "Thermally conductive dielectric fluid; 550 L self-contained, 950 L per 42U tank, 1,180 L per 52U tank",
        "hardware": "Vertically immersed servers in 24U, 42U or 52U tanks; CDU with plate heat exchanger, dual variable-speed pumps, 2N PDUs, 1U switch compartment; system pPUE 1.08",
        "evidence": "Vertiv CoolCenter Immersion product brochure (EMEA, rev. R11/25) with full performance and physical data tables"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.vertiv.com/490360/globalassets/shared/vertiv-coolcenter-immersion-br-en-emea-mka4l0ukics-web2.pdf",
          "title": "Vertiv CoolCenter Immersion product brochure",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "system_kw",
            "rating_basis",
            "fluid",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.vertiv.com/en-emea/insights/articles/blog-posts/advancing-data-center-performance-with-immersion-cooling/",
          "title": "Advancing data center performance with immersion cooling (Vertiv)",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    },
    {
      "id": "wiwynn",
      "name": "Wiwynn",
      "url": "https://www.wiwynn.com/",
      "summary": "Develops immersion tanks and server integration, with two-phase tank technology and a published single-phase ORv3 deployment study.",
      "tags": [
        "Tank systems"
      ],
      "fields": {
        "role": "Tank systems",
        "phase": "Both",
        "product": "Two-phase immersion tank; Intel Open IP single-phase tank study",
        "system_kw": null,
        "rating_basis": null,
        "fluid": "Boiling dielectric liquid for two-phase tanks",
        "hardware": "ORv3 architecture server in the single-phase deployment white paper",
        "evidence": "First two-phase immersion system in a cloud provider’s hyperscale production environment; partial PUE below 1.01. Published ORv3 single-phase deployment white paper."
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.wiwynn.com/technology/advanced-cooling/two-phase-immersion-cooling",
          "title": "Wiwynn two-phase tank technology",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "role",
            "product",
            "fluid",
            "evidence"
          ]
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.wiwynn.com/whitepapers/white-paper-deployment-of-an-orv3-architecture-server-within-intel-open-ip-single-phase-immersion-cooling-tank",
          "title": "Wiwynn / Intel Open IP single-phase deployment",
          "accessed": "2026-11-11",
          "fields": [
            "phase",
            "hardware",
            "evidence"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "verifiedAt": "2026-11-11",
      "featured": false
    }
  ]
}